Excitons, encountered in technologies like solar cells and TVs, are quasiparticles formed by an electron and a positively charged “hole,” moving together in a semiconductor. Created when an electron is excited to a higher energy state, excitons transfer energy without carrying a net charge. While their behavior in traditional semiconductors is well understood, excitons act differently in organic semiconductors.
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The rapid advancement of technologies like artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) has heightened the demand for high-speed, energy-efficient memory devices. Traditional memory technologies often struggle to balance performance with power consumption.
“Climate change is real.” That stark and undeniable statement spearheads a new call to action in a paper published in a special edition of the European Physical Journal Special Topics, focusing on energy saving in physics research and applications.
It is not a secret that there are numerous inventions of Tesla that have been attributed to other “inventors”, among these inventions are the radio and the first machine capable of searching for extraterrestrial life. The FBI seized documents including numerous inventions that were way ahead of Teslas time, possible secret technology, including a version of its famous wireless transmitter that could send radio waves focused to distant points of the solar system. While Tesla’s genius is indisputable, some people question whether his mind became delusional at some option. What is true is that Tesla was interested, throughout his life, in developing technology to contact extraterrestrial intelligence and believed that, at least in one occasion, he had detected an alien signal. Since 1896, Tesla believed that a version of his famous wireless transmitter could be used to contact intelligent beings on other planets. In the summer of 1899, while working in his laboratory in Colorado Springs, Tesla believed to have observed a series of numerical codes in cosmic radio signals, which he interpreted as a sign of intelligence that originated from pants inside our solar system. But is it possible that Tesla did in fact receive an extraterrestrial message? If so where did it come from? Tesla was asked by the Red Cross to predict man’s greatest possible achievement over the next century. The letter below was his reply. A much-needed transcript follows. (Source: Tesla Society; Image: Tesla at work, via.)  Transcript To the American Red Cross, New York City. The retrospect is glorious, the prospect is inspiring: Much might be said of both. But one idea dominates my mind. This — my best, my dearest — is for your noble cause. I have observed electrical actions, which have appeared inexplicable. Faint and uncertain though they were, they have given me a deep conviction and foreknowledge, that ere long all human beings on this globe, as one, will turn their eyes to the firmament above, with feelings of love and reverence, thrilled by the glad news: “Brethren! We have a message from another world, unknown and remote. It reads: one… two… three…” Christmas 1900 Nikola Tesla
Curiously, Tesla wasn’t the only one who believed he received messages from otherworldly beings. Marconi, referred to by history as the inventor of the radio, even thought Tesla patented it a couple of years sooner than Marconi, also received “messages” from other planets, but Marconi’s messages were dismissed as a simple interference. Tesla’s case was more complex. In 1937, Nikola Tesla said: n 1937, he announced: Interestingly, In the 1970’s L.G. Lawrence (field manager of the Ecola Institute) revealed a communication with Extraterrestrial Beings: “On October 29, 1971… while conducting exploratory RBS [Remote Biological Sensing] experiments in Riverside County, CA, our field instrumentation’s organic transducers complex intercepted a train of apparently intelligent communication signals (tight spacing and discrete pulse intervals) while accidentally allowed to remain pointed at the constellation Ursa Major during a short rest period. The phenomenon prevailed for somewhat over 33 minutes…. “A somewhat similar phenomenon was observed on April 10, 1972…. The apparent signals, aside from seemingly growing weaker, appear to be transmitted at great intervals ranging from weeks to months, possibly years. A faint, coherent , binary-type phenomenon was noted during aural monitoring…. Intervals between rapid series of pulse trains ranged from… 3 to 10 minutes….  In the 1980’s engineer Greg Hodowanec was able to confirm some of Tesla’s claims based on his own theory of Rhysmonic Cosmology while experimenting with a Gravity Wave Detector (GWD) of his own design. By 1988, Hodowanec stated that “…Such signals are being received today with simple modern-day scalar-type signal detectors… coherent modulations are being ‘heard’ in [the microwave] background radiation. The most prominent modulations being three pulses (code S) slightly separated in time, a la Tesla! On occasions, the code equivalents of an E, N, A, or K, are also heard, but the most persistent response is SE, SE, etc.  PHOTOGRAPH BY EVERETT COLLECTION INC., ALAMY “Any l/f type noise detector will respond to this background modulation. However, the experimenter must be careful that he is not creating these responses at the ‘local’ level by his own or other local actions. For example, the detectors will also respond to heart beats, breathing actions, local movements, as well as possible psychic effects. The detectors are easy to make and the experimenter should easily reproduce these results.”
Source: Tesla, N., Collier’s Weekly (March 1901), p. 359-361; “Talking With the Planets” Archaeologists estimate that the period of existence of the Olmecs was between 200 and 500 thousand years before Christ. According to several studies, there were three areas where the ancient Olmecs focused their reign, these were mainly San Lorenzo, Veracruz; Tabasco Sale and Tres Zapotes, close to Santiago Tuxtla, Veracruz. The great Olmec civilization is mainly noted for their giant heads, which have become a giant mystery ever since their discovery. To date, researchers have not been able to understand how the ancient Olmecs managed to create these giant heads and what was their exact use.  Here we have ten things that you should know about the ancient Olmec: Archaeologists haven clue what the original name of this ancient civilization was. The name “Olmec” comes from the Aztec language which means rubber people. This ancient civilization has a completely unknown origin. some researchers like to believe that this ancient civilization got to the Americas by chance. Some have even suggested that this great civilization originated in ancient Sumer. Wit and mystery are two of the qualifiers for the “Olmec heads.” They are a true mystery to researchers who are unable to decipher their meaning and the way how the ancient Olmecs managed to quarry, transport and design such large pieces of rocks. The first discovery was made in 1862 and several years later, in 1925, the giant heads were considered a rarity. The Giant Olmec heads usually show two ears with pierced lobes and what looks like a helmet. So far, researchers have found about 50 sites with traces of the Olmecs. Scholars believe that their three main areas were placed strategically. “La Venta” is placed under a North-South axis which has a deviation of eight degrees west relative to true north. It allows incredible astronomical observations from the top of a conical pyramid. This points to the fact that the ancient Olmecs were incredible astronomers.  One of the most mysterious findings is a 3.5 cm hematite bar that has caused mixed reactions among researchers. When placed on water its axis points towards the north. According to researchers from the university of Michigan, this device was a compass. This changes a lot in history since it would mean that the ancient Olmecs are the inventors of the compass and no the Chinese as previously thought. The device is believed to have been used to position their constructions facing north. At the archaeological site of “La Venta,” researchers have found hundreds of artistically engraved jade objects. All were found buried in long, deep trenches that had been filled with several layers of clay from different regions. This points to the fact that the ancient Olmecs were incredibly skilled manufacturers. A dog with “wheels” is considered as the best example of the advanced knowledge of the Olmecs. Some researchers attribute the invention of the wheel to the ancient Olmecs.  The ancient Olmecs used to make toys. Some of the remains that have been found show that the Olmecs used to carve different types toys. A rare and mysterious example can be found at the Museum of Anthropology in Xalapa. The object seems to depict an elephant, an animal which did not exist at that time in America. This subject reinforces the theory that the inhabitants of this civilization came from Africa. The “Cascajal block” is considered as one of the most mysterious and oldest Latin text. It consists of 62 symbols, some of which are repeated four times. Scientists have tried to explain and decipher it but without success. It is thought that this could be a new “Rosetta Stone” which hides many hidden messages and secrets.  Just like the Aztecs and the Maya, the ancient Olmecs disappeared into the mists of history. At the beginning of the Christian era and for no apparent reason, it is believed that the Olmecs gradually abandoned their sites. The people who settled into the Olmec sites acted in a vengeful spirit, tearing down the Olmec sculptures.
The Ancient Olmecs are believed to have received “divine support.” Some of the legends say that they made their incredible constructions with the help of “beings that came from the clouds”, these beings are called “Nosoobi.” The man pointed a gun at two different officers before he was shot and taken into custody; he has been charged with attempted murder
Pasadena Police officers banged on doors — and in at least one case broke down a door — to find and wake residents and get them to safety, the footage showed
President Donald Trump met with New Orleans police, firefighters and paramedics before Super Bowl LIX kickoff, praising their courage following the Bourbon Street terror attack
The Egyptians stopped building their most prominent structures with the beginning of the New Kingdom, but why? What was the cause that led to the abandonment of the most incredible ancient structures of ancient Egypt? From the beginning of the New Kingdom around the year 1550 BC, ancient Egyptians stopped building their most prominent and detailed structures, the Pyramids. Researchers have never understood the reason in their extreme and abrupt change in architectural preferences. Their most incredible constructions were replaced by tombs that were carved into the mountainside. These new architectural preferences helped reduce the amount of looted tombs. During the New Kingdom, the pyramids that were still “built” were of much lower quality and never reached the dimensions of the past. Researchers have long wondered why the ancient Egyptians stopped building their most famous structures, some suggest that there is a possibility that changes in materials and construction techniques caused the construction of more volatile structures that could not withstand the test of time like the constructions built before them. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QZ7T2shexEM We know that they stopped building the pyramids, but how and why did they start building them? Well, the pyramid was born as the logical “evolution” of the mastabas, a monument used as a burial site by the rulers of the Early Dynastic Period of Egypt. No one know exactly why the mastabas were “displaced” by the incredible pyramids, some researchers suggest that the Pyramids were constructed de to the aspiration to attain greater heights, but both the Pyramids and the Mastabas shared a similar goal, to maintain the essence of the King for eternity. It was during the beginning of the Third Dynasty around 2700 BC when ancient Egyptians began transforming mastabas into pyramids, initially, these structures were staggered, very similar to those found in ancient civilizations of America. These first pyramids, like Djoser’s Step Pyramid at Saqqara, was built in the form of various steps, as if it were a ladder to heaven. Some researchers are quite skeptical about the pyramids being used as tombs since there has been no evidence found, nor inscriptions, that would link these marvelous constructions to tombs. The other great mystery about the pyramids is, how this ancient civilization was capable of lifting structures of such dimensions formed by massive stone blocks? There are many hypotheses developed even since the days of ancient Greek scholar, Herodotus who proposed several theories on how the ancient Egyptians managed to build these structures but never gave a definitive answer. Strangely, there have not been discovered, any ancient texts or documents reporting on the period of the construction of the pyramids. In total, researchers have found more than one hundred pyramids in Pharaonic Egypt. Pyramids of various sizes, dedicated to both kings and nobles and great craftsmen. The most notable construction is the Great Pyramid of Giza for its huge size. The pyramid is estimated to have around 2,300,000 stone blocks that weigh from 2 to 30 tons each and there are even some blocks that weigh over 50 tons. It is a true masterpiece and has rightly earned the title of a “Wonder”. It was built with such precision that our current technology cannot replicate it. Egyptologists believe that the pyramid was built as a tomb over a 10 to 20-year period concluding around 2560 BC. It was originally covered with casing stones (made of highly polished limestone). These casing stones reflected the sun’s light and made the pyramid shine like a jewel. They are no longer present being used by Arabs to build mosques after an earthquake in the 14th century loosened many of them. It has been calculated that the original pyramid with its casing stones would act like gigantic mirrors and reflect light so powerful that it would be visible from the moon as a shining star on earth. Appropriately, the ancient Egyptians called the Great Pyramid “Ikhet”, meaning the “Glorious Light”.  After the prowess of the Fourth Dynasty, future generations would show a drastically lower skill when it came to the construction of monuments and pyramids. After the fourth Dynasty, the builders were not able to obtain such perfection in the building of pyramids, the example of the little pyramid of Abusir is consistent evidence of technical setback. In fact, in the following centuries, the design and development of these structures would get worse. And although it has been traditionally accepted that from the sixteenth century BC ancient Egyptians began abandoning the Pyramids, the fact is that there are references to these structures in future periods. The Nubian kings from the fifteenth Dynasty were buried small and low-quality pyramids. However, and this may be the crux of the matter, from the Middle Kingdom ancient Egyptians began to build more perishable constructions with materials such as wood, brick and adobe in the inside. This is the reason why very few of these constructions have survived to this day. The amazing pyramid of Khufu is perhaps one of the buildings of antiquity that has aroused most curiosity among people. Its construction method is unsubstantiated … Just how is it possible that the Egyptians were able to erect something so precise and technically difficult? According to ancient texts the great pyramid was built by pharaoh Khufu, and was completed in just 20 years, but that is something that most researchers find very hard to believe. 20 years is just too little time to complete something so precise, so important and so great. 3 million stone blocks weighing up to 60 tons, were transported from different quarries that were kilometers away. We cannot forget that they did not have traced roads, and that the wheel had not yet been invented. Better yet, the ancient Egyptians cut stone blocks with such precision that even the most advanced saws that we have today would not be able to match the accuracy of ancient Egyptians. Many Egyptologists stress that there are marks that have been left on the surface of some of the blocks that raise interesting questions. It has been demonstrated by researchers that the pyramid builders used a material, 50 times stronger than diamond to cut and shape the giant stone monuments and sarcophagi seen across Egypt, but what kind of material is 50 times stronger than diamond? Today, researchers are unaware of a material of similar characteristics. Yet, these giant blocks of stone were so precisely cut and placed into position that we today, without modern technology are not able to reproduce that ancient Egyptians did thousands of years ago. So what kind of technology did the ancient Egyptian possess?
The ancient Egyptians flattened the surface of the Giza plateau in such a way that between the ground level separating a pyramid of the other, there is only one centimeter in error. But here are more interesting details. In addition to the huge stone blocks, the Egyptian pyramids were covered by 27,000 tiles of blocks polished to perfection. These tiles were placed one by one on the surface of the monumental construction. These huge pieces of rock had a weight of around 16 tons each. Now the question is, how did the ancient Egyptians of the fourth dynasty move so much weight? It would be interesting to mention that today, in a construction process where you need the transport huge blocks of stone, giant machines are used which are able to move only certain blocks of stone due to their weight. This only demonstrates that the original pyramid builders had access to advanced technology that helped them achieve such incredible feats of engineering, design and architecture.
The accuracy with which the pyramids are oriented north is simply stunning, taking into account that the ancient Egyptians did not leave any record of such geodetic knowledge in their ancient texts. But if the ancient Egyptians did not have such knowledge thousands of years ago in different scientific fields, how is it possible that the pyramids are oriented so well? Archaeologists and scholars have preferred to leave it to chance, the fact that the margin of error of the orientation of the monuments to north is about 5 minutes and 31 seconds. There is another feature that makes the Great Pyramid something even more spectacular. The faces are not smooth, but they form two vertical planes which make up an angle of 27 minutes. Therefore, the great pyramid of Egypt does not have four sides but eight. With all of these characteristics, the ancient builders of the Pyramids of Egypt wanted to point out the equinoxes and solstices. The interior of the pyramid is as incredible as the outside. Inside the Pyramid, the air is very dense, and if you enter the great pyramid with a flashlight or cameras to record the inside, you would be surprised to find out that the batteries run out very quickly. All of these incredible aspects make us reconsider whether the ancient Egyptians were actually capable to erect such monuments. Did they have the necessary knowledge and technology to calculate and construct these amazing monuments or are we missing something?
Is it unlikely to think that the pyramids were built by a civilization that predates the ancient Egyptian? A far more advanced civilization that passed on, to the Egyptian civilization, their knowledge and technology, merging and passing on their beliefs and culture. Whoever built these incredible structures deserves all the credit and respect, since these incredible monuments have been able to withstand the test of time. Why do some mysteries refuse to be solved, no matter how much time passes or technology advances? Humanity… The post 7 Unsolved Mysteries and Conspiracy Theories That Defy Explanation appeared first on Infinity Explorers.
In 1972, a worker at a nuclear fuel processing plant noticed something suspicious in a routine analysis of uranium obtained from a mineral source from Africa. As is the case with all natural uranium, the material under study contained three isotopes- three forms with different atomic masses: uranium 238, the most abundant variety; uranium 234, the rarest; and uranium 235, the isotope that can sustain a nuclear chain reaction. For weeks, specialists at the French Atomic Energy Commission (CEA) remained perplexed Elsewhere in the earth’s crust, on the moon and even in meteorites, we can find uranium 235 atoms that make up only 0.720 percent of the total. But in the samples that were analyzed, which came from the Oklo deposit in Gabon, a former French colony in West Africa, the uranium 235 constituted only 0.717 percent. That small difference was enough to alert French scientists that there was something very strange going on with the minerals. These little details led to further investigations which showed that at least a part of the mine was well below the standard amount of uranium 235: some 200 kilograms appeared to have been extracted in the distant past, today, that amount is enough to make half a dozen nuclear bombs. Soon, researchers and scientists from all over the world gathered in Gabon to explore what was going on with the Uranium from Oklo.
What was fund in Oklo surprised everyone gathered there, the site where the uranium originated from is an advanced subterranean nuclear reactor that goes well beyond the capabilities of our present scientific knowledge? Researchers believe that this ancient nuclear reactor is around 1.8 billion years old and operated for at least 500,000 years in the distant past. Scientists performed several other investigation at the uranium mine, and the results were made public at a conference of the International Atomic Energy Agency. According to News agencies from Africa, researchers had found traces of fission products and fuel wastes at various locations within the mine. Incredibly, compared with this massive nuclear reactor, our modern-day nuclear reactors are not comparable both in design and functionality. According to studies, this ancient nuclear reactor was several kilometers long. Interestingly, for a large nuclear reactor like this, thermal impact towards the environment was limited to just 40 meters on the sides. What researchers found even more astonishing, are the radioactive wastes that have still not moved outside the boundaries of the site, as they have still held in place thanks to the geology of the area.
What is surprising is that a nuclear reaction had occurred in a way that the plutonium, the by-product, was created, and the nuclear reaction itself had been moderated. This is something considered as a “holy grail” of atomic science. The ability to moderate the reaction means that once the reaction was initiated, it was possible to leverage the output power in a controlled way, with the capacity to prevent catastrophic explosions or the release of the energy at a single time. Researchers have dubbed the Nuclear Reactor at Oklo a “natural Nuclear Reactor”, but the truth about it goes far beyond our normal understanding. Some of the researchers that participated in the testing of the Nuclear reactor concluded that the minerals had been enriched in the distant past, around 1.8 billion years ago to spontaneously produce a chain reaction. They also found that water had been used to moderate the reaction in the same way that modern nuclear reactors cool down using graphite-cadium shafts preventing the reactor from going into critical state and exploding. All of this, “in nature”.
However, Dr. Glenn T. Seaborg, former head of the United States Atomic Energy Commission and Nobel Prize winner for his work in the synthesis of heavy elements, pointed out that for uranium to “burn” in a reaction, conditions must be exactly right. For example, the water involved in the nuclear reaction must be extremely pure. Even a few parts per million of contaminant will “poison” the reaction, bringing it to a halt. The problem is that, no water that pure exists naturally anywhere in the world.
Several specialists talked about the incredible Nuclear Reactor at Oklo, stating that at no time in the geologically estimated history of the Oklo deposits was the uranium sufficiently abundant Uranium 235 for a natural nuclear reaction to occur. When these deposits were formed in the distant past, due to the slowness of the radioactive decay of U-235, the fissionable material would have constituted only 3 percent of the total deposits – something too low mathematically speaking for a nuclear reaction to take place. However, a reaction took place mysteriously, suggesting that the original uranium was far richer in Uranium 235 than that in a natural formation. West Long Branch Patrolman Dave Brosonski, who is highly trained in water rescue, entered the frigid water and was able to get the boy out and to the shore
After they towed his pickup truck, the accused burglar called 911 to ask about his vehicle; he told dispatchers his location and deputies arrested him
Major Jeffrey Burke, who was assigned to work security after the attacks, had served with the New Jersey State Police for 26 years
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