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Nature categorizes particles into two fundamental types: fermions and bosons. While matter-building particles such as quarks and electrons belong to the fermion family, bosons typically serve as force carriers—examples include photons, which mediate electromagnetic interactions, and gluons, which govern nuclear forces.
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Grant Hardin, the ex-police chief featured in HBO’s Devil in the Ozarks, escaped an Arkansas prison by posing as a corrections officer. A manhunt is underway in the Ozarks.
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If you feel like you’ve seen more of the northern lights painting the night sky lately, you’d be right—and there’s an explanation for the uptick.
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People always want to know what will happen to Earth when the sun eventually swells up as a red giant. For one thing, the expanding sun will turn the inner planets into cinders. It will almost certainly spell the end of life on our planet.
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Nuclear thermal propulsion (NTP) has stood as a promising potential alternative propulsion technology for decades. Chemical rockets have begun to reach their theoretical maximum efficiency, and their developers have switched their focus to making them cheaper rather than more efficient. NTP should answer that by offering high thrust and specific impulse.
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The next time astronauts land on the moon, we will watch it in high-definition. The transmission will be in color, digital and at up to 60 frames per second.
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An international team of astronomers has discovered 25 new quasars by analyzing multiwavelength data from various surveys. All the newfound quasars were detected at redshifts greater than 4.6. The findings are detailed in a research paper published May 21 on the arXiv pre-print server.
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In the vast expanse of space, an estimated 1 million near-Earth objects (NEOs), also known as near-Earth asteroids, are constantly orbiting close to our planet. Every night, astronomers track NEOs and discover new ones, noting how fast they’re traveling, how large they are and where they’re headed. Because of their work, world leaders could get […]
A team of researchers at AI Google Quantum AI, led by Craig Gidney, has outlined advances in quantum computer algorithms and error correction methods that could allow such computers to crack Rivest–Shamir–Adleman (RSA) encryption keys with far fewer resources than previously thought. The development, the team notes, suggests encryption experts need to begin work toward […]
Superconductivity is an advantageous property observed in some materials, which entails an electrical resistance of zero at extremely low temperatures. Superconductors, materials that exhibit this property, have proved to be highly promising for the development of various electronic components for both classical and quantum technologies.
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SpaceX’s prototype Starship exploded over the Indian Ocean on Tuesday, capping another bumpy test flight for the rocket central to billionaire Elon Musk’s dream of colonizing Mars.
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SpaceX looks to get its developmental Starship back into space, this time with fewer explosions, and for the first time flying with a reused Super Heavy booster.
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In the cold, dark outskirts of planetary systems far beyond the reach of the known planets, mysterious gas giants and planetary masses silently orbit their stars—sometimes thousands of astronomical units (AU) away. For years, scientists have puzzled over how these “wide-orbit” planets, including the elusive Planet Nine theorized in our own solar system, could have […]
Statistical mechanics is one of the pillars of modern physics. Ludwig Boltzmann (1844–1906) and Josiah Willard Gibbs (1839–1903) were its primary formulators. They both worked to establish a bridge between macroscopic physics, which is described by thermodynamics, and microscopic physics, which is based on the behavior of atoms and molecules.
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Scientists have discovered a way to convert fluctuating lasers into remarkably stable beams that defy classical physics, opening new doors for photonic technologies that rely on both high power and high precision.
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