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Using a combination of laser cooling techniques and strong magnetic fields, researchers at Colorado State University have for the first time created an ultracold neutral plasma with electrons cooled to temperatures measured to be within one degree Kelvin.
Modern photonic chips can pack sophisticated optical functions onto devices smaller than a fingernail. They are increasingly used to generate, manipulate and measure light for applications ranging from communications to sensing. But most of these chips rely on a single material to do the heavy lifting, limiting the range of optical effects they can produce.
In March 2026, the Einstein Probe detected a brief flash of soft X-rays emitted from a galaxy about 500 million light-years away. The flash, dubbed EP260321a, immediately triggered a worldwide observing campaign. Within an hour, ground-based telescopes began monitoring the source, revealing a rapidly brightening supernova, later designated SN 2026gzf. Two teams of scientists used several NSF NOIRLab facilities to observe the event and monitor its evolving light profile.
Fusion systems need inner walls that can withstand extreme heat. One promising solution uses liquid lithium to protect the walls, held like water in a sponge made of the exceptionally strong metal tungsten. An advanced manufacturing process can be used to make tungsten into sponge-like wall tiles with lots of pores for flowing liquid lithium. But this process also leaves the tungsten contaminated with other materials, such as carbon, oxygen or nitrogen.
The federal government has shown a likelihood that the state’s measures go against the supremacy clause of the U.S. Constitution, a federal judge wrote
Named for the mythical valley where the god Dionysus was raised in secret by nymphs, the asteroid 44 Nysa inhabits the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. Through observations by the Hubble Space Telescope, astronomers have determined it to be the largest and brightest known member of a rare category of asteroids called “E-types,” made of unusually bright, enstatite-rich material similar to some rare meteorites found on Earth. Separately, models built from how its brightness flickers as it spins hinted it might have an elongated, lopsided shape, often seen in large asteroid pairs.
When designing microscopes, optical engineers have long faced a trade-off between speed, field of view and resolution. But improving one of these properties typically comes at the expense of another. Now, a UC Berkeley–led team of researchers has found a way to address this challenge, opening the door to new possibilities in the field of microscopy.
“This incident is a stark reminder that traffic stops are among the most dangerous parts of an officer’s job,” the El Paso Police Department stated
A new Vera C. Rubin Observatory image featuring hundreds of thousands of distant galaxies in and around the COSMOS field marks the observatory’s first LSST Camera image and catalog release for science.
Digital security currently relies on difficult equations to protect data. For example, when you use a credit card online, the information is locked inside a math problem that would take a modern computer thousands of years to solve. However, if someone builds a powerful enough computer, that security breaks.
In a billion years, the sun will start to run out of fuel and expand to become a red giant. Earth’s oceans and atmosphere will be burned away, and Earth will likely be engulfed by the sun altogether. The sun will then shrink to a dim white dwarf, and all light and warmth in the solar system will diminish. In a hundred trillion years, the galaxy’s ability to produce stars will be exhausted, and everything will turn dark. However, there’s a way for life to escape this fate—and what’s more, we wouldn’t need to leave the planet to do it. We just need to build some safeguards.
If you’ve ever been under a dark sky in the early morning before dawn, you may have seen a faint glow, almost like a column of light rising from the east. It’s sometimes known as the false dawn because it appears before true dawn. It can also appear in the west after sunset, though it typically isn’t as noticeable. The glow is caused by dust in the inner solar system. It is a diffuse plane of tiny particles that aligns with the plane of the inner planets. Since the planets move through the zodiac constellations, so does this plane of dust, which is why it is also known as the zodiacal light.
Researchers at Flinders University have discovered an unexpected way light can control tiny electronic structures inside advanced materials, a development that could help pave the way for more energy-efficient memory devices, sensors and future computing technologies.
So far, almost all stellar-mass black holes detected by astronomers have been found in binary systems. However, astronomers have long suspected that these binary black holes are the exception and that, within the Milky Way, most exist on their own.
Roll back the tape of Earth’s history, and geologists and astrobiologists remain perplexed about the environmental conditions on early Earth. That’s because conventional pathways for understanding Earth’s history have been lost to time owing to the planet’s active geology and atmospheric weathering.
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