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Electrohydrodynamics pump and machine learning enable portable high-performance excimer laser

According to a recent study published in APL Photonics, a research team led by Prof. Liang Xu from the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has developed an ultra-compact excimer laser roughly the size of a thermos bottle.

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Video: 4 bystanders rush to aid wounded Ky. trooper

Video from the July 13 incident was released as Jimmy Alexander, Jessica Alexander, Taylor Hall and Adam Arnold received citations for meritorious achievement

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Image: Focusing on NGC 3370

Today’s ESA/Hubble Picture of the Week features a galaxy that Hubble has captured multiple times over more than 20 years. The galaxy is called NGC 3370, and it is a spiral galaxy located nearly 90 million light-years away in the constellation Leo (the Lion).

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Space weather drill simulates Carrington-level solar storm, challenging satellite safety and mission control response

No communication or navigation, faulty electronics and collision risk. At ESA’s mission control in Darmstadt, teams faced a scenario unlike any before: a solar storm of extreme magnitude. Fortunately, this nightmare unfolded not in reality, but as part of the simulation campaign for Sentinel-1D, pushing the boundaries of spacecraft operations and space weather preparedness.

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Search for elusive neutrino multiplets tightens limits on cosmic particle origins

The origins of extremely high-energy particles that fill the universe—such as protons, electrons, and neutrinos—remain one of the longest-standing mysteries in modern astrophysics. A leading hypothesis suggests that “explosive transients,” including massive stellar explosions (supernovae) and tidal disruption events (TDE) caused by stars being torn apart by black holes, could be the cosmic engines driving these energetic particles. Yet, this idea has never been rigorously tested.

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Controlled atomic defects in nickelate films narrow down explanations of superconductivity emergence

An international team led by researchers at MPI-CPfS used irradiation with extremely high-energy electrons to controllably introduce atomic defects in superconducting nickelate thin films. Their systematic investigation recently published in Physical Review Letters helps to narrow down the possible answers to fundamental questions of how superconductivity emerges in these materials.

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Bacterial motility helps uncover how self-propelled particles distribute in active matter systems

A collaborative team of physicists and microbiologists from UNIST and Stanford University has, for the first time, uncovered the fundamental laws governing the distribution of self-propelled particles, such as bacteria.

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Video: Man rams Mich. cruiser outside station, approaches cops with knife before OIS

Surveillance footage shows the suspect “practicing” hitting the Roseville PD cruiser before backing up, waiting several minutes for an officer to get in, and accelerating forward to ram it

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Are we in the ‘Solitude Zone’ of the universe?

Are we alone? It’s one of the most basic questions of human existence. People have been trying to answer it for millennia in one form or another, but only recently have we gained the tools and knowledge to start tractably trying to estimate whether we are or not. Those efforts take the form of famous tools like the Fermi paradox and the Drake equation, but there’s always room for a more nuanced understanding. A new paper published in Acta Astronautica from Antal Veres of the Hungarian University of Agriculture introduces a new one—the Solitude Zone.

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The beginning of the universe: Cosmic inflation with standard particle physics repertoire

How did the universe come into being? There are a multitude of theories on this subject. In a Physical Review Letters paper, three scientists formulate a new model: according to this, inflation, the first, very rapid expansion of the universe, would have taken place in a warm environment consisting of known elementary particles.

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Record-breaking quantum key distribution transmission distance achieved alongside classical channels

Quantum key distribution (QKD) harnesses the power of quantum mechanics to securely transmit confidential information. When an outside source eavesdrops on a QKD transmission, the quantum states are affected. This dependably alerts the receiver and sender that the transmission is no longer secure.

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Astronomers capture radio signals from comet 12P/Pons-Brooks

A research team led by the Shanghai Astronomical Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has used the Tianma Radio Telescope to conduct multi-band radio observations of the returning comet 12P/Pons-Brooks (12P). They measured its water production rate during outburst activities and made the most distant detection of ammonia molecules in a Halley-type comet to date. The findings are published in Astronomy & Astrophysics.

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Scientists discover elusive solar waves that could power the sun’s corona

Researchers have achieved a breakthrough in solar physics by providing the first direct evidence of small-scale torsional Alfvén waves in the sun’s corona—elusive magnetic waves that scientists have been searching for since the 1940s.

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Are The Mysterious Metallic Spheres Of Siberia Product Of A Long Lost Ancient Civilization?

Siberia: Home of frozen landscapes, and origin of countless mysteries. 

A beautiful yet mysterious land in Russia has it all. From tales of lost civilizations, numerous strange explosions like the Tunguska, to countless UFO sightings and strange phenomenon, Siberia has it all. 

Yakutia, a region in Northern Russia with a total area of 3,083,523 km2 of virtually unexplored and very inhospitable land, full of swamps, is a place that locals avoid at all costs since, according to them, anyone that enters the Valley of Death never returns.

There, in the enigmatic and mysterious frozen landscape, people claim to have found, among many other mysterious things, strange metallic spheres whose purpose and origin are as controversial as inexplicable to science.

The area of land is referred to by locals as Uliuiu Cherkechek, the Valley of Death. Anyone who ventures out into the unexplained can encounter a great number of mysterious metallic spheres, which many say are of extraterrestrial origin.

An alien defense grid? It almost sounds like a sci-fi movie or script from MIB, but few people who have ventured out into the unknown lands and seen the mystery spheres claim they are ‘strategically positioned.

This fact has given rise to various conspiracy theories which suggest that the enigmatic metallic spheres are not only of alien origin but were placed there to protect the region from the dangers of space, and even ‘hostile’ energies.

Beyond any speculation, the truth is that this mysterious area of land has been a protagonist of several catastrophic events such as the great Tunguska explosion in 1908, Chulum in 1984, and Vitim, in 2002. It’s almost as if the entire region is a magnet for destruction.

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According to explorers who have ventured out into the unknown, this is what the mystery objects look like. Image Credit: Biblioteca Pleyades.

People who live in the vicinity of this dangerous place believe there is no mystery to it: the Death Valley owes its name to countless deaths and illness that marked the fate of anyone who dared roam the vicinity of any of these metal spheres which are, according to rumors of extraterrestrial origin.

Legends state that here, in this inhospitable landscape live the ancient demons of the “Taiga.”

In 1853, R. Maak, a noted explorer of the region, wrote: “In Suntar [a Yakut settlement] I was told that in the upper reaches of the Viliuy there is a stream called Algy timirbit (which translates as “the large cauldron sank”) flowing into the Viliuy. Close to its bank in the forest, there is a gigantic cauldron made of copper. Its size is unknown as only the rim is visible above the ground, but several trees grow within it.”

In 1936, alongside the Olguidakh (“place with a cauldron”) River, a geologist led by elderly natives came upon a smooth metal half-sphere, reddish in color, protruding from the ground with such a sharp edge that it “cut a fingernail.” Its outer walls were about two centimeters thick, and it stuck out of the ground roughly a fifth of its diameter. The geologist despatched a description of it to Yakutsk, the regional center.

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Some of the objects seem to be buried beneath the surface. Image Credit: Biblioteca Pleyades.

In 1979, an archaeological expedition from Yakutsk attempted to find the hemisphere he had encountered. The team members were accompanied by a guide who had seen the structure several times in his youth. However, since any years went by and the region’s topography changed, the group failed to find the hemisphere.

The same thing was recorded by N. D. Arkhipov, a researcher who studied the ancient cultures of Yakutia, who wrote: “Among the population of the Viliuy basin there is a legend from ancient times about the existence in the upper reaches of that river of bronze cauldrons or olguis. This legend deserves attention as the areas that are the supposed location of the mythical cauldrons contain several streams with the name Olguidakh – ‘Cauldron Stream.’”

Lone hunters who have ventured into the area where the metallic spheres are said to be located say that some of the mystery spheres are submerged under water while other spheres are half-buried in the ground. Some have already been devoured by vegetation, and remain hidden from sight. Nonetheless, they plague the entire area.

The “olguis” are said to be forged out of an unknown metal, believed to be “copper-like” in nature.

The metal of these spheres is said to be extremely resistant and hard, and no one has been able to analyze them, due to fear of approaching the spheres. The few tests that were made were ignored by laboratories who have failed to identify their composition and origin.

Local hunters say that over time, these metallic spheres sink into the ground and disappear from sight. They leave behind strange stains where vegetation cannot grow, the reason why many tribal elders have cursed the spheres and the lands where they are found.

Strangely, despite the fact that their existence seems to be very well documented on paper, we have failed to find a single quality image of the mysterious spheres.

Mikhail Koretsky from Vladivostok who visited the mysterious area where the spheres are located wrote:

“I was there three times. The first time was in 1933, when I was ten – I travelled with my father when he went there to earn some money – then in 1937, without my father. And the last time was in 1947 as part of a group of youngsters.

“The ’Valley of Death’ extends along a right-hand tributary of the Viliuy River. In point of fact it is a whole chain of valleys along its flood lands. All three times I was there with a guide, a Yakut. We didn’t go there because life was good, but because there, in the back of beyond, you could pan for gold without the threat that at the end of the season you’d be robbed or get a bullet in the back of your head.

“As for mysterious objects, there are probably a lot of them there, as in three seasons I saw seven of those ’cauldrons’. They all struck me as totally perplexing: for one thing, there was their size – between six and nine meters in diameter.

“Secondly, they were made of some strange metal. Everyone has written that they were made of copper, but I’m sure it isn’t copper. The thing is that even a sharpened cold chisel will not mark the ’cauldrons’ (we tried more than once). The metal doesn’t break off and can’t be hammered. On copper, a hammer would definitely have left noticeable dents. But this ’copper’ is covered over with a layer of some unknown material resembling emery. Yet it’s not an oxidation layer and not scale – it can’t be chipped or scratched, either.

“We didn’t come across shafts going down into the ground with chambers. But I did note that the vegetation around the ’cauldrons’ is anomalous – totally different from what’s growing around. It’s more opulent: large-leaved burdock; very long withes; strange grass, one and a half or two times the height of a man. In one of the ’cauldrons’, the whole group of us (six people) spent the night. We didn’t sense anything bad, and we calmly left without any sort of unpleasant occurrences. Nobody fell seriously ill afterwards. Except that three months later, one of my friends lost all his hair. And on the left side of my head (the side I slept on), three small sore spots the size of match-heads appeared. I’ve tried to get rid of them all my life, but they’re still with me today.

“None of our efforts to break off even a small piece from the strange ’cauldrons’ was successful. The only thing I did manage to bring away was a stone. Not an ordinary one, though: half of a perfect sphere, six centimeters in diameter. It was black in colour and bore no visible signs of having been worked, yet was very smooth as if polished. I picked it up from the ground inside one of those cauldrons.

“I took my souvenir of Yakutia with me to the village of Samarka, Chuguyevka district, Primorsky region (the Soviet Far East), where my parents were living in 1933. I was laid up with nothing to do until my grandmother decided to build a house. We needed to put glass in the windows and there wasn’t a glass-cutter in the entire village. I tried scoring it with the edge of that half of a stone sphere, and it turned out to cut with amazing ease. After that, my find was often used like a diamond by all our relatives and friends. In 1937 I gave the stone to my grandfather, but that autumn he was arrested and taken to Magadan where he lived on without trial until 1968 and then died. Now no-one knows where my stone got to…”

In his letter, Koretsky stresses that in 1933 his Yakut guide told him that:

“…five or ten years before, he had discovered several spherical cauldrons (they were absolutely round) that protruded high (higher than a man) out of the ground. They looked brand new. Later the hunter had seen them again, now broken and scattered.”

The area remains a profound mystery not only for scientists but for explorers and ordinary people as well.

Source:

Nexus Magazine

Biblioteca Pleyades

Featured image credit: by Julian-Faylona, used with permission.

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Physicists create the smallest pixel in the world (so far)

Smart glasses that display information directly in the field of vision are considered a key technology of the future—but until now, their use has often failed due to cumbersome technology. However, efficient light-emitting pixels are ruled out by classical optics if their size is reduced to the wavelength of the emitted light.

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