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Cosmic gymnastics: How the Milky Way once underwent a dramatic flip

The Milky Way may have undergone a dramatic change in orientation during its history, according to new research that helps explain a long-standing mystery about our galaxy. Using supercomputer simulations of galaxies like the Milky Way, a team of astronomers from Durham University found that galaxies with slowly rotating stellar halos are more likely to have experienced a major “disk flip,” in which the galaxy’s disk changed its orientation by more than 90 degrees.

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New NASA Earth missions gear up to start science flights

Landslides in Alaska. Air quality in Atlanta. Fire clouds out West. From the Arctic fringes to farm country, NASA’s newest class of suborbital Earth Venture missions is gearing up to deliver science that will benefit communities in the United States and beyond.

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A star orbiting our galaxy’s supermassive black hole tests the limits of relativity

Although general relativity (GR) is an elegant theory of gravity, we don’t often need to use it. For most gravitational interactions, Newton’s theory of universal gravitation works just fine. Newton’s model is good enough to navigate spacecraft through the solar system and for most stars orbiting Sag A*, the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way.

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Chicago SWAT officer wounded in standoff with barricaded suspect

As officers attempted to breach the home where a suspect had shot one person and was holding two hostage, the suspect fired through the front door, striking an officer

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Mars’s 2018 planetwide dust storm hints at possible solar influence on its weather

Solar storms may affect weather on Mars when they strike at the same time as major Martian dust storms, a new study suggests for the first time. Researchers found evidence of rising temperatures in the red planet’s lower atmosphere when the two events coincided—hinting that Mars may have a more complex atmospheric environment and weather system than previously thought.

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AI agent helps prepare synchrotron X-ray experimental measurements, paving the way for autonomous operation

Artificial intelligence (AI) models are now used daily by many people worldwide, both for professional and personal purposes. Over the past decades, scientists specialized in various disciplines have also started using these models to conduct research or simplify their experimental practices.

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Aligned graphite particles unlock stable levitation above magnets, study finds

A diamagnetic substance is slightly repelled by magnetic fields. With a strong enough magnet, the diamagnetic force can override gravity, and the substance will float in the air. Graphite, the main component of pencil lead, is considered one of the best substances for such real-world levitation, and its potential application in sensing weak external perturbations is drawing growing interest.

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Astronomers catch a recurring black hole eruption in real time

For the third time in 35 years, the black hole at the center of the galaxy IC 3599 has erupted, and this time, astronomers were watching it closely. IC 3599, a galaxy roughly 280 million light-years away, has flared this dramatically twice before, in 1990 and 2010, but both eruptions were only pieced together after they had faded. This is the first time researchers have watched one of these outbursts unfold in real time. The paper outlining its multiwavelength analysis was posted to the arXiv preprint server on July 10.

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One idea, two cosmic mysteries—linking Little Red Dots and globular clusters

A new study led by astronomers at The University of Texas at Austin proposes a theory that could solve two astronomical riddles at once: the nature of Little Red Dots and the origin of globular clusters. Rather than representing distinct objects, the study suggests that one may instead be the ancestor of the other: Little Red Dots are, in fact, an early form of globular clusters. The findings are published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters.

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FBI agents seized more than 700 illegal drones during World Cup

The bureau had detected more than 1,600 drones attempting to enter the federal government’s no-drone zones surrounding each venue

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FBI: Suspect in custody after starting fire outside N.Y. federal building housing immigration court

The suspect was carrying anti-ICE material, a DHS source told the Associated Press; he was also armed with a pellet gun, knives, a hammer and a machete

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Officer sues, alleging LAPD retaliated against him for investigating death he believed was a homicide

Alexander Tan’s lawsuit claims that the department derailed his career after he investigated Amelia Salehpour’s death as a homicide in spite of a “coordinated cover-up”

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BWC: Armed suspect fires at pursuing LAPD officers, strikes officer in chest

The LAPD officer’s ballistic vest stopped the round; two police cruisers were also struck by gunfire

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LVMPD policy updates allow more vehicle pursuits of certain suspects

The policy update allows Las Vegas Metro officers to pursue drivers suspected of DUI and driving stolen cars, as well as suspects in extensive investigations

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Deep-space CubeSat could stretch solar storm warnings from 15 minutes to 3 hours

Space weather warnings could be received hours before Earth is hit rather than minutes with the help of a miniature UK-built instrument soon to be stationed in deep space. MAGIC (MAGnetometer from Imperial College) is part of the European Space Agency’s Heliospheric Pioneer for Solar and Interplanetary Threats Defense (HENON) CubeSat mission, which is scheduled for launch in early 2027.

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