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Euclid has eight extra years of fuel—a scientist has a brilliant plan to use it

It’s almost become expected that many space telescopes and probes can have “extended missions.” Both Voyagers are still sending data back 40+ years after their five-year primary mission ended. But figuring out what to do with those spacecraft after their primary mission takes some negotiation. One such craft that will reach its end-of-mission in 2030 is Euclid, which is currently on a mission to map the “dark universe” of dark energy and dark matter. According to a new paper from Luigi “Rolly” Bedin of the Astronomical Institute of Padua, which is available on the arXiv preprint server, for its second act we could turn Euclid into the most powerful astrometric telescope ever made.

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X-ray techniques map and measure the invisible properties of altermagnets

The new big thing in magnetics is altermagnetism, a form of magnetism that promises to power the next generation of electronics. Unlike ferromagnets, like a fridge magnet, where all internal atomic spins align to create a strong magnetic field, altermagnets have no net magnetic pull (strongly magnetic on the inside, but appears non-magnetic on the outside). This is similar to antiferromagnets where internal spins cancel each other out. However, altermagnets retain powerful internal properties that could let them carry and control information more efficiently than traditional magnets.

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Turning the faint quantum ‘glow’ of empty space into a measurable flash

Researchers from Stockholm University and the Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali have reported a practical way to spot one of physics’ strangest predictions: the Unruh effect, which says that an object speeding up (accelerating) would perceive empty space as faintly warm. But, trying to heat something up by accelerating it unimaginably fast is a nonstarter in the lab. The team has shown how to convert that tiny effect into a clear, timestamped flash of light.

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Totally-eclipsing binary UZ Draconis inspected with TESS

Astronomers from Keele University in the UK have utilized NASA’s planet-hunting TESS telescope to investigate a totally-eclipsing binary known as UZ Draconis. Results of the new observations, published October 31 on the arXiv pre-print server, put more constraints on the properties of this system.

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Could mass arise without the Higgs boson?

The geometry of space, where physical laws unfold, may also hold answers to some of the deepest questions in fundamental physics. The very structure of spacetime might underlie every interaction in nature.

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Ultimate precision in measuring multiple light parameters with new quantum sensing approach

A new method for measuring three different properties of light, at the same time, has been developed using an interferometry-based quantum sensing scheme capable of simultaneously estimating multiple parameters of an optical network.

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A Mystery In History: The Super-Longevous Antediluvian Patriarchs

The Patriarchs of the Bible are usually defined as being Abraham, his son Isaac, and Isaac’s son Jacob, also named Israel, the ancestor of the Israelites

Biblical Patriarchs play a significant role in religion because it is they who are used as a significant marker by God in revelation and promises.

The term Patriarchs is also used when making reference to the twenty male ancestors that lived between Adam—the first human being on Earth—and Abraham, the founding father of the Covenant.

Ten of these Patriarchs are called Antediluvian Patriarchs because they lived on Earth before the Great Flood swept across the land.

In this article, we take a look at the ten of the Antediluvian Patriarchs and analyses with great interest their peculiar lifespan.

We can resume then that the antediluvian patriarchs correspond to the main characters of the book Genesis, which correspond to Adam, the first man, and his descendants to Noah, one of only eight survivors of the universal Flood.

Super Longevous times…

According to the ancient texts, Noah was the tenth and last of the super-longevous antediluvian patriarchs: Noah died 350 years after the Flood, at the age of 950 years.

This makes him the third longest man in the entire Bible, surpassing even Adam who lived until the age of 930 years.

In proportion to his long life, he fathered three children after the age of 500.

After Noah, lifespan drastically plunged to “only” 120 years, as we see with Moses.

The lifetimes given for the patriarchs in the Book of Genesis are Adam 930 years, Seth 912, Enos 905, Kenan 910, Mahalalel 895, Jared 962, Enoch 365 (did not die but was taken away by God), Methuselah 969, Lamech 777, Noah 950.

In the following graph, we can see the lifespan of the patriarchs as recorded in the Septuagint Black, the Syriac Peshitta Gold, and the Masoretic text Crimson.

Biblical Patriarchs
A Graph showing the Lifespan of the Biblical Patriarchs. Image Credit: Wikimedia Commons.

What we have is a list of extremely important Biblical characters whose lifespan is unlike anything we’ve encountered before.

This historical fact raises a number of questions which we have not been able to answer.

Were their lives recorded adequately? Did they really live that long? Is it possible that their extreme age is the result of misinterpretations or translation errors?

Is it just part of a myth? Or, is it possible that some of these Patriarchs were not ordinary humans, but in fact messengers from the Gods, aka beings from another world?

Some theories point towards the possibility that their extreme lifespans are the result of translation errors.

Some scholars maintain that the lunar cycles were confused with solar cycles, and the real ages are in fact 13.5 times smaller.

This would mean that Methuselah who is said to have lived to the age of 969 was in fact 71.7 years old when he died. (969/13.5=71,77)

But, just as with the Biblical Patriarchs, the Sumerian King list, as well as the Turin Royal Canon, describe how in the distant past, the lifespan on Earth was anomalously great.

The Turin Royal canon describes, in the final two lines of the column a sort of resume of the entire document where we can read: ‘… Venerables Shemsu-Hor, 13,420 years; Reigns before the Shemsu-Hor, 23,200 years; Total 36,620 years’.

The Sumerian King list, just as the Turin Royal canon describe incredible longevous reigns:

“After the kingship descended from heaven, the kingship was in Eridug. In Eridug, Alulim became king; he ruled for 28800 years. Alaljar ruled for 36000 years. 2 kings; they ruled for 64800 years.”

This is why I ask, is it possible that both the Biblical Patriarchs, the Turin Royal Canon, as well as the Sumerian King List are the result of misinterpretations or translation errors? Or is it possible that all three examples are evidence of beings that inhabited earth thousands of years ago, who somehow lived as if they were true ‘Gods’ with lifespans incomparable to ordinary humans?

Reference: Timeline of the Patriarchs

Featured Image Credit: Leon Tukker, posted with permission.

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Laser trial at ESO kickstarts new era of interferometry

Last week, four lasers were projected into the sky above the European Southern Observatory (ESO) Paranal site in Chile. The lasers successfully created an “artificial star” that astronomers can use to measure and then correct the blur caused by Earth’s atmosphere, ESO announced today.

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The time ‘rondeau’ crystal: Scientists observe a new form of temporal order

In a new study published in Nature Physics, researchers achieved the first experimental observation of a time rondeau crystal—a novel phase of matter where long-range temporal order coexists with short-time disorder.

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New AI framework can uncover space physics equations in raw data

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems, particularly artificial neural networks, have proved to be highly promising tools for uncovering patterns in large amounts of data that would otherwise be difficult to detect. Over the past decade, AI tools have been applied in a wide range of settings and fields.

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Bezos’s Blue Origin postpones rocket launch over weather

Blue Origin, the space company owned by billionaire Jeff Bezos, was forced Sunday to postpone the anticipated launch of its New Glenn rocket due to unfavorable weather conditions.

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The Mystery Of The Moon-Eyed People From Ancient Cherokee Tradition

It is believed that the Moon-Eyed people saw very poorly throughout the day, had pale skin, and looked different from Native Americans. It is believed that these mysterious people erected some of the oldest structures in Northern America.

The Cherokee people were one of the ancient Native American cultures that formed the Five Civilized Tribes along with the Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creek, and Seminoles.

This ancient culture inhabited the present territory of the states of Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee and Virginia in the southeastern United States when the Europeans came into contact with them in the sixteenth century.

The actual origin of the Cherokee people remains a debated topic among scholars.

There are two prevailing theories.

One is that the Cherokee, an Iroquois-speaking people, are relative latecomers to Southern Appalachia, who might have migrated in late prehistoric times from the northern areas, the traditional territory of the later Haudenosaunee confederation five nations and other Iroquois speaking peoples.

Researchers in the 19th century recorded conversations with elders who related an oral tradition of the migration of the Cherokee people south of the Great Lakes region in antiquity.

The second theory, which is discussed by scholars suggests that the Cherokee had been in the southeast for thousands of years.

However, there is little to no archaeological evidence for this theory.

The Connestee people, believed to be ancestors of the Cherokee, occupied western North Carolina circa 200 to 600 CE.

The Cherokee people were one of those who formed the Five Civilized Tribes. They were called that because of the Europeans, who, upon their arrival thought that these five cultures had a degree of civilization superior to that of the rest of the Native Americans. According to scholars, this allowed them to quickly adapt to white customs—which did not help them to avoid being stripped of their lands and displaced to Oklahoma from 1838, in what was known as the Trail of tears.

But the Cherokee were apparently viewed differently from the rest of the native American cultures because of mysterious legends, of a mysterious people that predated the great Cherokee nation.

The Legend of the Moon-Eyed people

The so-called Moon-eyed people were mysterious inhabitants of Northern America who are believed to have lived in Appalachia until the Cherokee expelled them.

A book written in 1797 by Benjamin Smith Barton—an American botanist, naturalist, and physician, New Views of the Origin of the Tribes and Nations of America, explains that they were called moon-eyed people because they saw very poorly throughout the day, and had a number of different features from the rest of the native Americans.

Barton wrote, citing as a source Colonel Leonard Marbury that “the Cheerake tell us, that when they first arrived in the country which they inhabit, they found it possessed by certain ‘moon-eyed-people,’ who could not see in the day-time. These wretches they expelled.”

Later additions to the story about the Moon-eyed people suggests that they had white skin, that they created the area’s pre-Columbian ruins, and that they went west after the Cherokee expelled them.

Another book written by ethnographer James Mooney in 1902 describes how there is a  “dim but persistent tradition” of a mysterious, ancient people who preceded the Cherokee in lower Appalachia.

Ancient legends suggest that the white-skinned people of Appalachia built numerous ancient structures in the area, including perhaps, one of the largest cities ancient cities in Northern America; Cahokia. Curiously, scholars know very little about Cahokia today.  The city’s original name is unknown, as the ancient builders left no written records behind.

Some theories suggest that the so-called Moon-eyed people may have been the very same Lionel Wafer encountered among the Kuna people of Panama, who were also called “moon-eyed” because of their ability to see better at night than day.

The Fort Mountain state park is believed to have been erected by the moon-eyed people.

1280px Moon eyed people
Plaque at Fort Mountain State Park. Image Credit: Wikimedia Commons.

Some authors note that this Cherokee tradition may have been influenced by contemporary European-American legends of the “Welsh Indians.”

According to these legends, these ancient ruins were attributed to Welsh pre-Columbian voyages.

If we take a look at a 16th-century manuscript published by Welsh antiquarian Humphrey Llwyd, a Welsh Prince called Madoc is believed to have sailed from Wales across the Atlantic to what is now Mobile Bay, Alabama in the year 1171.

John Sevier an American soldier, frontiersman, and politician, and one of the founding fathers of the State of Tennessee wrote that on one occasion, the Cherokee leader Oconostota said in 1783 how local mounds had been built by white people, who the Cherokee eventually expelled from the lands.

According to Sevier’s accounts, the Cherokee leader confirmed that these mysterious people were in fact, Welsh from across the ocean.

If true, this theory would have huge implications.

Featured image credit: People Of One Fire.

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Bezos’s Blue Origin set to launch NASA mission to Mars

New Glenn, the towering rocket built by Jeff Bezos’s space company Blue Origin, is set to take off on its second mission Sunday as competition intensifies with Elon Musk’s SpaceX.

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Calif. man hands officer a “Get Out of Jail Free” card during traffic stop

“The officer had a good laugh, reminded the driver that while creativity is appreciated, it’s not exactly a legal defense, and told him to save the card for a rainy day,” Fullerton Police said

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Who Was Methuselah? A Man Who Lived For 969 Years According To The Bible

Methuselah, Noah’s grandfather, is considered the man with one of the longest lifespan’s in history and is said to have lived for 969 years until the great flood swept across the land.

But not only is this Biblical character fascinating for his longevity, he is also very important for a number of other reasons.

According to Genesis, Methuselah was the eighth antediluvian patriarch, son of Enoch, father of Lamech and grandfather of Noah (who was the last of these patriarchs).

The following is taken from the King James Version of the Bible.

21 And Enoch lived sixty and five years, and begat Methuselah:

22 And Enoch walked with God after he begat Methuselah three hundred years, and begat sons and daughters:

23 And all the days of Enoch were three hundred sixty and five years:

24 And Enoch walked with God: and he [was] not; for God took him.

25 And Methuselah lived a hundred eighty and seven years, and begat Lamech:

26 And Methuselah lived after he begat Lamech seven hundred eighty and two years, and begat sons and daughters:

27 And all the days of Methuselah were nine hundred sixty and nine years: and he died.
Genesis 5:21–27.

Noahs Ark
Noah’s Ark. Image Credit: Shutterstock.

Methuselah is mentioned in Genesis as the son of Enoch and father of Lamec—who in turn was the father of Noah—whom he fathered at 187 years of age.

His name has become a general synonym applied to any elderly creature, used in phrases such as “having more years than Methuselah” or “being older than Methuselah”.

A careful reading of the Old Testament reveals that Methuselah reportedly died in the year of the Great Flood.

Three manuscript traditions, the Masoretic, the Septuagint and the Samaritan Torah offer different timelines.

If we take a look at the Masoretic, an authoritative Hebrew and Aramaic text of the Tanakh for Rabbinic Judaism, was 187 years when his son was born. He died the year of the Flood at the age of 969.

The Septuagint,  sometimes referred to as the Greek Old Testament, the earliest extant Greek translation of the Old Testament from the original Hebrew indicates how Methuselah was 187 years when his son was born and died at the age of 969, but six years before the great flood.

According to the Samaritan Torah,  a text of the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, written in the Samaritan alphabet and used as scripture by the Samaritans, Methuselah was 67 years old when his son was born, and he died at the age of 720 years, the years the Great Flood took place.

These ‘discrepancies’ in ancient texts have been explained in a number of ways, the most obvious one being the accidental corruption by copyists and translators.

Some errors may be the result of attempts to correct previous errors.

But despite the fact that there are discrepancies in the dates, one thing remains the same: Methuselah lived beyond the life expectancy of ordinary humans.

So, what does that make him? Was Methuselah perhaps, not human?

How on Earth is it possible that someone can live for 969 years?

It shouldn’t be possible.

Sumerian King List
The Ancient Sumerian King List.

However, if we take a look at another ancient text, the Ancient Sumerian King List, we find plenty of ‘historic’ evidence of ‘Kings’ living on Earth for thousands of years.

If we take a look at the Sumerian King list we’ll see that it clearly states:

“After the kingship descended from heaven, the kingship was in Eridug. In Eridug, Alulim became king; he ruled for 28800 years. Alaljar ruled for 36000 years. 2 kings; they ruled for 64800 years.”

The Sumerian King List describes eight kings who ruled over Earth for a total of 241,200 years, since the original kingship had ‘descended from heaven’ all the way to the time of the ‘Great Flood’, which swept over the land and once more “the kingship was lowered from heaven” after the Flood.

So, there we see different historical sources describing ‘people’ actually living on Earth for hundreds and even thousands of years.

But ordinary humans can’t live that long.

According to James W. Vaupel an American scientist in the fields of aging research, biodemography, and formal demography, life expectancy began to increase in 1840 with the decrease in infant mortality and adolescent mortality and has continued to rise, in an average increase of two and a half years each decade.

Vaupel’s research shows that life expectancy is likely to increase well beyond the purported limit of 85 years.

But 85 is still a long way from 969 years of life.

Yoda

Our current knowledge about the lifespan of a cell leads us to suppose that the natural limit of longevity in the human being is below 150 years.

The Guinness record for the longest human lifespan is that of Jeanne Calment of France (1875–1997), who lived to the age of 122 years, 164 days.

Some authors believe that human beings lived close to a thousand years, until after the flood, God shortened this age (Genesis 6:3) Then the LORD said, “My Spirit shall not strivewith man forever, because he also is flesh; nevertheless his days shall be one hundred and twenty years.”

But was it really an act of God, the fact that human lifespan was shortened?

Or is it possible that there is another, more extravagant explanation, one that suggests that in the days of Methuselah, beings not from Earth, walked on our planet?

Featured image credit: Anthony Hopkins as Methuselah in Noah (2014). Image Courtesy of Paramount Pictures

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