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Magnetic octupole model captures domain-wall motion in noncollinear antiferromagnets

Researchers from The Grainger College of Engineering at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign have developed the first magnetic multipole-based micromagnetic model for antiferromagnets. Published in Applied Physics Reviews, their generalized framework provides a theoretical and computational foundation for designing future spintronic devices made with antiferromagnetic materials.

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Quantum computers model nine fusion fuel material configurations for first time

A team of scientists from Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Cleveland Clinic and IBM has calculated nine molecular configurations of a promising material to produce fuel for fusion energy—the first known instance of such computations on quantum computers.

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Pressure unlocks 3D superconductivity in tantalum disulfide at triple the temperature

Superconductors have long been considered a promising technology for the energy systems of the future. They can conduct electricity without resistance, thus eliminating both conduction losses and waste heat. Up to now, however, superconductors have only been applied in special cases, as in the immensely powerful magnet coils of particle accelerators such as the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. This is because superconductors must be well cooled, down to extremely low temperatures for some materials.

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Baseline tool could separate alien life signals from geology on ocean worlds

When it comes to the search for life elsewhere in the universe, methane and other chemical compounds are seen as signs of biology because they are often produced by living microbes. However, scientists can be misled because certain geological processes can produce chemical signatures identical to those of living organisms.

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Using quantum entanglement to secure ground-to-satellite timing

From mobile phones and banking systems to aircraft, ships and emergency services, much of modern life relies on precise timing signals from satellites. Known as the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), satellites carrying atomic clocks transmit time-stamped signals to receivers on Earth. The Global Positioning System (GPS) is the best-known GNSS in Australia and the United States, but it is only one of several systems used globally.

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Measuring iron in motion at Earth-core conditions

It was a journey to the center of the Earth, if only for the briefest of moments. But rather than tunneling thousands of miles from Earth’s surface, researchers from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) and several universities used the National Ignition Facility (NIF) to recreate the extreme temperature and pressure conditions of Earth’s inner core. This enabled the first-ever simultaneous measurement of iron’s dynamic strength at relevant temperatures and pressures.

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Ultra-compact sensor paves the way for more powerful and scalable silicon quantum processors

Researchers from the Quantum Hardware group at CIC nanoGUNE, in collaboration with the British company Quantum Motion, have demonstrated an advanced readout sensor for spin qubits that, while being more compact than previous designs, can reach the level of readout precision needed to implement quantum error correction protocols. The study has been published in the journal Nature Sensors.

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Much of Earth’s ‘space dust’ may come from unidentified near-Earth asteroids

Like a shelf in an old house, the Earth collects a lot of dust from its surroundings. This “space dust” is mostly made up of micrometeorites that survive atmospheric entry and provides researchers with a cheap and easy way to obtain samples to study our cosmic neighbors. However, it can be difficult to determine which objects certain samples originated from if their parent bodies aren’t already in available catalogs. A recent study, published in Science Advances, describes a new subset of space dust with such mysterious origins and how researchers are tracking down potential sources.

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New ultrathin lens focuses light into an optical needle

Researchers have created a special flat lens that shapes light into an optical needle—a thin beam that stays tightly focused over a long distance. Combining this lens, which is about 7 microns thick, with optical coherence tomography (OCT) could allow imaging that reaches deeper into tissue while maintaining a sharp focus.

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Calif. city’s police arrest 400 over Independence Day weekend

As crowds in Newport Beach grew, individuals blocked roadways and threw explosive mortars, fireworks and other projectiles at police officers, into densely packed crowds and near children

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South Pole Telescope analysis releases new catalog of more than 7,000 galaxy clusters

Researchers working with data from the South Pole Telescope have released a major catalog of galaxy clusters, giving scientists a powerful new tool for studying how the universe grew and changed over billions of years. The findings are published on the arXiv preprint server.

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Video shows suspects tackle, attack S.C. officer during block party response

Bystander video posted online shows at least one person holding the North Charleston officer down while others punched her and struck her with objects

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Calif. sheriff’s office withheld LPR data-sharing from city within coverage area, grand jury finds

The civil grand jury found that the Placer County Sheriff’s Office blocked the Auburn Police Department from receiving ALPR alerts for approximately two years

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University team proposed retractable, pressurized tunnels for missions to Mars

NASA and China’s national space agency plan to send crewed missions to Mars in the coming decades. Per NASA’s Moon to Mars mission architecture, this will involve using infrastructure established through the Artemis Program to send crews to the red planet sometime in the 2030s or 2040s. Similar to Artemis, these missions will culminate in the creation of habitats that will facilitate long-duration exploration and research. Naturally, this presents many challenges, including lengthy deep-space transits and the hazards of extended periods in microgravity.

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Evidence of elusive high-energy gravitons in quantum Hall systems

Electrons, negatively charged particles, sometimes coordinate their movements in ways that produce certain collective excitations referred to as quasiparticles. One case in which this occurs is the quantum Hall effect, a phenomenon that emerges when electrons are confined to a very thin layer, cooled to temperatures around 0 kelvin and exposed to a very strong magnetic field.

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