NASA space telescope plunges to Earth after two decades studying cosmic explosions

One of NASA’s premier space telescopes plunged to Earth on Wednesday, ending its 22-year investigation of the universe’s biggest explosions.

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Satellites leak noise that interferes with telescopes and GPS. Here’s how to fix it

Less than a decade ago, there were about 2,000 operational satellites orbiting Earth. Today there are more than 15,000. Millions more are planned.

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Pulsars set first mass limits on supermassive black hole pairs in the early universe

So far, observations by instruments including the James Webb Space Telescope have revealed the presence of surprisingly massive black holes in the early universe. Even less than a billion years after the Big Bang, some of these bodies already weighed billions of times the mass of the sun, and to date, astronomers are unclear as […]

Giant planet emerges from two-year-old JWST data thanks to glare-removal technique

Even the world’s most powerful telescopes have their blind spots. Although NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) can peer billions of years into the past, it still struggles to photograph planets orbiting nearby stars. Stars shine with such extraordinary brightness that their glare overwhelms nearby planets’ faint glow.

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Using vibrations to reveal what lies beneath other planets’ surfaces

Modern space exploration hasn’t quite reached “Star Trek” levels of boldly going where no one has gone before. But if, like the denizens of the USS Enterprise, astronauts one day want to land on an uncharted planet, they’d first want to know what’s on—and under—the surface.

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When should we listen for alien signals? Scientists turn to game theory

Finding a signal from an extraterrestrial civilization takes more than just pointing a telescope in the right direction. We may also need to listen at exactly the right time.

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An asteroid’s shape influences where a nuclear blast must be aimed to deflect it

If a dangerous asteroid were headed toward Earth, one defense could be a nuclear detonation to blast one side with X-rays and nudge it off course. But new simulations suggest that for a lumpy, irregular asteroid, exactly where those X-rays hit could make a huge difference.

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Red and green auroras may share electron-driven origins

With their mysterious glow and swirling veils of color, auroras enchant even experienced researchers. When a particularly intense solar storm reached Earth on the night of May 10, 2024, and relevant websites predicted auroras even for southern Lower Saxony, several researchers from the Technical University of Braunschweig, the Fraunhofer Institute for Surface Engineering and Thin […]

JWST may have found where heavy black hole seeds formed

Astrophysicists think that the supermassive black holes (SMBH) we see in the modern universe are the result of a long, drawn-out process. That process is referred to as the hierarchical black hole mergers framework. It explains how some SMBHs can reach such staggering masses. Some of the most massive appear to have billions of solar […]

A tiny shift exposes a cold brown dwarf masquerading as an early galaxy

A faint red object spotted by the James Webb Space Telescope originally appeared to offer a possible glimpse of the universe’s first galaxies. But images taken about 3½ years apart revealed a giveaway: The object, nicknamed Capotauro, had moved.

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Leviathan’s sprawling stars challenge idea that dusty giants become compact galaxies

Astronomers using the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) have confirmed a massive, dust-rich galaxy called Leviathan in the early universe. Seen when the universe was roughly 1.5 billion years old, the galaxy has its stars spread out rather than in a concentrated fashion. A paper, describing its strange stellar distribution, was posted to the arXiv […]

Ceres’ water ice can mask massive surface salt deposits

The dwarf planet Ceres is arguably one of the most overlooked and underappreciated planetary objects in the solar system. This could be because while Ceres has the same dwarf planet designation as Pluto, Ceres is largely considered an “asteroid” since it resides in the main asteroid belt. However, along with being the largest object in […]

Queen’s University Belfast students find Neptune’s elusive Trojan asteroids

An international team led by researchers at Queen’s University Belfast has made a discovery that has eluded astronomers for decades. Beginning in 1906, telescope observations revealed a population of asteroids leading and trailing Jupiter, which came to be known as the “Trojan” and “Greek” populations. Since then, astronomers have discovered similar “families” orbiting Saturn and […]

Stars make oxygen for small galaxies, but they lose most of it

Scientists examining data collected by NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope have found that dozens of small galaxies contain far less oxygen than their stars are estimated to have produced. The researchers, including a Rutgers astrophysicist, studied 37 dwarf galaxies, which are much smaller than the Milky Way and considered to be nearby, within 22 million light-years […]

Scientists build whole-Earth simulation to help find life on other planets

It’s a dizzyingly busy time for scientists searching for life on distant planets. To date, astronomers have cataloged more than 6,000 planets beyond our solar system and are searching the atmospheres of the most promising worlds for chemicals that might be byproducts of life. Astrobiologists are particularly interested in atmospheres like Earth’s that trap enough […]