Subaru Telescope reveals the shape and temperature of Comet Encke’s nucleus

Mid-infrared observations with the Subaru Telescope have revealed the shape and surface temperature of the nucleus of Comet 2P/Encke. By analyzing how the nucleus’s thermal emission changed as it rotated, the researchers found that the nucleus is elongated, with a long axis of about 7 kilometers and a short axis of about 3 kilometers. They […]

A stellar odd couple at an unusual stage of evolution

Most of the stars in the Milky Way are what we might call normal stars. They’re main sequence stars like our sun, meaning they’re doing what most people probably think stars do: shining as they fuse hydrogen atoms into helium atoms on a vast scale.

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The ELT can probe ultra-diffuse galaxies and their dark matter mysteries

We’ve been waiting a long time for the Extremely Large Telescope’s first light, scheduled for March 2029. Telescopes this large, powerful and costly always have multiple science goals, and that’s true for the ELT. One of its science goals is to study fundamental aspects of the universe, including dark matter.

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First known ‘disappearing planet’ has a neighbor that makes it wobble like a top

UCLA-led astronomers have discovered the first known “disappearing planet” about 1,000 light-years away. The planet, TOI-2535 b, is a “hot Jupiter,” a gas giant that orbits extremely close to its host star. TOI-2535 b whips around its star in only 8.25 days—10 times faster than the 88 days that Mercury takes to go around our […]

The supernova impostor: Chandra finds likely source of giant star’s repeated outbursts

Using NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory, astronomers have discovered what is triggering repeated outbursts from a giant, unstable star.

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Our sun’s undiscovered stellar nemesis is still out there, says physicist

Long-period, high-inclination comets of the sort that can cause extinction-level impacts here on Earth have long been thought to originate from a theoretical Oort cloud. That is, a roughly spherical cloud of icy cometary objects that number in the trillions at distances that extend up to 1.6 light-years away.

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Long-lived mineral grains can be invaluable for reconstructing impact events, but the stories are complex

Reconstructing impact events on Earth and other planetary bodies, including the moon, is crucial for understanding how the solar system evolved and how planets develop.

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Two nearby rocky worlds could offer alien astronomers views of planets appearing to reverse course

Aliens have long been a staple of science fiction. Yet the possibility of intelligent life beyond Earth is more than a matter of imagination—it is also a subject of serious scientific inquiry. Professor Woong-bae Zee of Sejong University’s School of Liberal Studies has recently published an astronomy paper that places the word “alien” front and […]

JWST tracks more than 100 magnified stellar events in the Dragon galaxy

Using the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), a team of astronomers identified 104 magnified stellar events in a galaxy known as the Dragon, located around 6.5 billion light-years away. This discovery more than doubles the previous record of 44 such detections in the same galaxy. Because these kinds of events reveal some of the most […]

How space weather powers auroras in the sky and threatens power grids on the ground

An aurora is one of nature’s most spectacular light shows: It looks like green or red curtains rippling across the night sky. When viewed from the ground, this colorful display might seem far away and disconnected from anything happening on Earth’s surface.

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Game theory helps SETI search for alien civilizations

The search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI) is mostly concerned with where to look for technosignatures from another civilization. Between 2012 and 2015, SETI’s Project Phoenix targeted about 1,000 sun-like stars for signs of intelligent life. But where to look might not be as important as when to look, according to scientists at SETI.

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‘Stupendously large’ primordial black holes ruled out as a dark matter source

Primordial black holes are hypothetical objects that could have formed directly from dense clumps of matter in the very early universe. If they exist, their dramatic origins would set them apart from the black holes we see today, which form when massive stars collapse. Some theories suggest that “stupendously large” primordial black holes could account […]

Want to fly to the moon? NASA is looking for new astronauts to help grow its Artemis program

Want to fly to the moon and help build a permanent lunar base? NASA is accepting applications for a new astronaut class that will help grow the Artemis program.

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Earth’s gravity may have kept the early moon’s volcanic heart beating

We typically think of the moon as a static, floating object that has remained the same for basically its entire lifetime, with an occasional asteroid impact serving as an exception. That understanding is grounded in physics—the moon should have cooled rapidly after forming when a huge protoplanet hit the early Earth around 4.5 billion years […]

Theory predicting an older universe without dark matter or dark energy passes key cosmological tests

An alternative model in which the universe is 26.7 billion years old and needs neither dark matter nor dark energy has held up against several major cosmology tests, according to a new University of Ottawa study. The research, titled “A Big Bang Nucleosynthesis Consistency Test of the CCC+TL Cosmology,” is published in the journal Universe. […]